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- BUSINESS, Page 51Over a Barrel
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- The cold snap strains oil supplies and boosts prices
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- For consumers who lived through the long gasoline lines and
- lowered thermostats of the 1970s, this winter has brought back
- chilling memories. Symptoms of an energy squeeze are breaking
- out all over. Several airlines have abruptly added a surcharge
- to their fares to help cover spiraling jet-fuel costs. Trucking
- companies have begun to pass along the rising cost of diesel
- oil, which in just one month shot up 30%, to $1.35 per gal.
- Motorists may soon be affected too: a sharp decline in gasoline
- inventories is likely to boost prices at the pump by spring.
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- No one has felt the pinch more keenly than heating-oil
- customers. During the brutal cold snap last month, when
- temperatures hovered in the single digits even in parts of the
- Sunbelt, fuel oil was in such demand that some distributors ran
- dry. The clamor for supply pushed prices up as high as $1.50
- per gal., a 50% increase in one month.
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- The steep run-up has prompted Congressmen and consumer
- advocates to accuse oil companies of taking advantage of the
- deep freeze to gouge their customers. Citizen Action, a
- consumer group, says the profits that refiners were making on
- residential heating oil in the Northeast jumped at least 150%
- in the past three months; in New Jersey the increase was 314%.
- Last week the Energy Department said it was launching a study
- to determine whether oil companies colluded to raise prices.
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- While the energy squeeze is far less severe than the shocks
- of the '70s, the days of cheap and superabundant oil are
- probably gone. A barrel of crude now costs about $23, up from
- $17 a year ago, largely because of growing consumption. Rising
- energy prices were the main reason that the Government's index
- of wholesale prices increased 4.8% during 1989, the steepest
- rate since 1981. The forecast for this winter: even if
- temperatures stay at relatively comfortable levels, relief from
- higher fuel costs is unlikely.
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